Type Terms Type Terms Type Terms

-- Parts of the grid: what are the following: margin, column, alley, module, gutter, folio.

The margin is the space around the grid.

Columns are vertical blocks within the grid.

The alley

The module is a square block of space within the grid.

Folio is the page number.

-- What are the advantages of a multiple column grid.?

More space to use for variety and ineteresting arrangements of your elementa and white space. It also keeps the compostion organized.

-- Why is there only one space after a period?

The characters on a computer are proportional, they take up a proportional amount of space depending on its size.

-- What is a character (in typography)?

Any letter number or punctuation.

-- How many characters is optimal for a line length? words per line?

70 characters per line is the maximum. Minimum of 5 words per line.

-- Why is the baseline grid used in design?

It aligns your text and page elements.

-- What is a typographic river?

A series of inconsistent word spaces that create a distracting open lines running through s justified paragraph.

-- What does clotheslining or flow line or hangline mean?

A horizontal line that splits a composition. It is good to have elements above it and below it.

-- How can you incorporate white space into your designs?

By using margins an gutters, while keeping the hierarchy and flow of reading intact. Avoit making your white space the same size and shape and consistent through your comp, this causes your page to be predictable an uninteresting.

-- What is type color/texture mean?

This refers to the look of blocks of text where the leading and kerning are set in a way that makes the text block itself looks darker or lighter. This happens because of the kerning/leading, the more whitespace, the more 'gray' the text will look.

-- What is x-height, how does it effect type color?

The x height is the height of a lower case x in a typeface, this mesurment is reletive, it is different for each typeface.

-- Define Tracking.

Ajusting the overall spaceing btween letters, rather than the space between two characters.

-- Define Kerning. Why doe characters need to be kerned? What are the most common characters that need to be kerned (kerning pairs)?

Kerning is the process of removing small amounts of space between letters. This needs to be done to create visually consistent letter spacing. The letters that most commonly need to to be kerned are HL (two vertical charaters need the most amount of space), HO (a vertical next to a vertical needs less space), OC (a curve next to a curve needs very little space), OT ( a curve can overlap into the white spcae under or above the crossbar, or stem) AT (The closest kerning is done when both chataters have alot of white space around them).

-- In justification or H&J terms what do the numbers: minimum, optimum, maximum mean?

Minimum, optimum, and maximum are all values used for type setting when you justify something. The values refer to the amount of space between words.

-- What is the optimum space between words?

It is an aethetically pleasing amount, which is consistant and makes your words easily read.

-- What are some ways to indicate a new paragraph. Are there any rules?

Indent the new paragraph, avoid having this indention be too long, an em space is enough.

-- What are the rules associated with hyphenation?

Always use it when using a justified paragraph, and no more than 3 hyphens used in a row. Never hyphenate a heading, avoid too many in a paragraph.

-- What is a ligurature?

A combination of two letters to make one, like the origin of the ampersand (et).

-- What does CMYK and RGB mean?

CMYK stands for cyan, magenta, yellow and black the color format used for printing.RBG is red, green and blue, the color format used for computer monitors and tv screens.

-- What does hanging punctuation mean?

The punctuation marks start before the characters on the next line.

-- What is the difference between a foot mark and an apostrophe? What is the difference between an inch mark and a quote mark (smart quote)?

A foot marks are straight and apostrophes are curved, and the same for the inch mark, and smart quote.

-- What is a hyphen, en dash and em dashes, what are the differences and when are they used.

Hyphen: Strictly used for hyphenating words or line breaks.

en dash: It is used between indicating a duration. It is the same width of a capital N.

em dash: The em dash is twice the length of a en dash, and is used similarly to a colon or parentheses.

-- What is a widow and an orphan?

Widow: When a word or part of a word is left at the end of a paragraph (all over the last issue of the JayPlay!)

Orphan: When the last line of a paragraph won't fit at the end of a column, and ends up at the top of the next column.